goals at Business Franchise

Corporate 500: The Directory of Corporate Philanthropy. San Francisco: datarex corporation [sic].

Corporate Foundation Profiles. New York: The Foundation Center.

Corporate Giving Directory. Detroit: The Taft Group.

Directory of International Corporate Giving in America and Abroad. Detroit: The Taft Group.

National Directory of Corporate Giving. New York: The Foundation Center.

National Directory of Corporate Public Affairs. Washington, D.C.: Columbia Books, Inc.

Keep in mind: Corporations may give by means of a company-sponsored foundation (in which case they file Form 990-PF, as other private foundations do) or by means of a separate corporate giving program (in which case it may be more difficult to get information), or both.

 Corporate giving is almost always limited to programs of benefit to employees, their families, or residents of specific locations where the company conducts business. Geography plays a significant role in corporate grantmaking. Employee matching gift programs are increasingly common vehicles for giving.

 Cash donations are not the only type of corporate support. Ask yourself: Can the project be handled as a business expense rather than a grant? Would in-kind support such as the donation of equipment, use of corporate facilities, printing, design services, or access to executive expertise be helpful to my nonprofit organization?

When approaching corporate grantmakers, always consider the self-interest of the funder. A proposal to a corporation should emphasize how its support of your project will help it achieve its goals.

 Corporate Philanthropy Report and Corporate Giving Watch are two useful periodicals for keeping up to date on corporate giving.

I’ll speak about this using the equipment purchasing project. The company buys equipment at the beginning and to substitute the old one. So, the first thing you have to do is to determine your goals.

You could state the project goal as “Goal: To Buy a New Equipment.” That is way too general, though. Don’t stop with that. You haven’t set a deadline for buying the new equipment, you have no criteria for the productivity or capacity, and there is no mention of cost.

Hint: You need to examine the process involved in equipment buying to understand all the decisions you have to make to meet the goal.

One of the most common mistakes that can doom a project from the start is to state the goal in terms that are too general. By working through the equipment -buying process, you begin to see what you need to know before you can start to plan the project. It often helps to get some help from experts. In the equipment -buying example, there are at least two distinct steps of the process:

1. Select item for purchase.
2. Purchase equipment.

You can break each of these steps into multiple subcategories. For example, some subcategories for Step 1 might include the following:

• Identify desired productivity.
• Identify the other desired parameters.
• Identify budget constraints.
• Determine whether identified productivity and other desired parameters meet budget parameters.

After you outline your subcategories, proceed to purchase if you find equipment that meets your criteria. If not, select alternate equipment.

Subcategories for Step 2 might include the following:

• Determine payment method: pay cash or borrow money.
• If paying cash, complete purchase; if borrowing money, evaluate financing alternatives.

And the subcategory borrow money has its own subcategories:

• Find lending company.
• Think about leasing
• Borrow money from friends or family.

Your outline, or map, of the process can quickly expand to many levels. That’s okay. This process is called process mapping. You can see from this example that before you can plan the equipment -buying project, you need answers to the following questions:

• What characteristics do I want the equipment to have?
• How much am I willing to spend on the equipment?
• How will I pay for the equipment?
• By what date do I want to have a new equipment?

After you have answers to these (and perhaps more) questions, you can develop an outcome statement that clearly states the project goal. For example:

“My goal is to buy a new equipment with the productivity …., capacity …, size…, at a cost of $XXX,XXX or less, using an 80 % borrowed money by October 31, 2006.”

Before you start your business (either franchise or not) you need to lay the foundation. I’ve found rather interesting material about project management and business planning and want to share it with my readers with my comments. The material covers impressive project management feats — including some tactics that will dazzle coworkers, whether above or below you on the corporate ladder, helps to understand your project objectives and actually know how to meet each one and many other things.
Conventional project management states that you have three general variables in a project: schedule, budget, and quality. Pick the two you like best and let the others slide. In other words, most project managers and businessmen start their projects with the goal of being only mostly successful. What if you could get things done ahead of time (not just on time) and under budget (not just on budget)? What if you accomplished these feats while maintaining the desired quality? You would be a super project manager. To achieve this you need to know that organization is the key to successful project management and business.
You need to learn how to set goals and then reach them. You need to understand how meet your goals through well-timed and well-executed communication and decision making. As a result you will have the added benefit of being able to eliminate do-nothing meetings and time-wasting distractions ! Learning these skills will help you manage yourself, your team, and your business. Using these skills will ensure that your company’s effectiveness is recognized and rewarded. And this recognition is not only words but money, real money!

Karl Marx is dead. The inventor of communism is lying in a grave at London Highgate cemetery. But the ideas he has presented to the society are still alive and prosperous. Moreover they are taking their place today. We are turning to them today. If it is hard to you to believe me you have to read Funky Business by Kjel A. Nordstrem and Jonas Ridderstrale. You will know a lot about modern economic trends and Karl Marx. They are speaking about the value of workers and especially about the value of their brains and ideas.
They were clever guys – Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin, Mao, Che Gevara and all other communist leaders. They were nations’ leaders. And they knew the clue idea that people not the capital are the most important production resource.
And they knew the power of unions. It seems to me that even today we are not realizing the importance and power of united people. But those guys knew.
El pueblo unido jamas sera vencido! That is the Spanish expression that means “United people will never be defeated”. It became famous during the Cuba revolution. It’s the beginning of revolution hymn. And it had become very popular in sixties. Comandante Che was definitely right. Synergetic effect is the key.
2 + 2 = 7.
The system is much more than the sum of its elements.
And united people can reach unbelievable achievements. That is the thing that brings success to revolutions.
And that is the thing that brings success to franchises. That is an American way to unite people.
Do you need examples? I have them.
Let’s examine Holiday Inn. Good franchise system I think. Holiday Inn was recognized in 2001 by Franchise Times as a Top 100 Franchise Chain. So the system is good enough.
This chain of hotels was organized in 1952 by homebuilder Kemmons Wilson to provide inexpensive family accommodation for travelers within the USA. Its franchise system allowed Holiday Inn to grow up dramatically. By 1958 there were 50 Inns across the USA, 100 by 1959, 500 by 1964, and the 1000th Holiday Inn opened in San Antonio, Texas in 1968. The chain dominated the motel market, leveraged its innovative Holidex reservation system, put considerable financial pressure on traditional hotels, and set the standard for its competitors like Ramada Inns, Travelodge, Howard Johnson’s, and Days Inn. By 1972, when Wilson was featured on the cover of Time Magazine, there were over 1,400 Holiday Inn hotels worldwide.
Many think that the main reason of that irrepressible raise of Holiday Inn is its original creed that the properties should be standardized, clean, predictable, family-friendly, and readily accessible to road travelers. But I know one more important reason. It is the unity of the chain.
In 1955 just in three year from setting up that business Kemmons Wilson created an organization of Holiday Inn franchisees, which were charged with reviewing issues important to the Holiday Inn Hotel system. One year later it had been transformed into National Association of Holiday Inns. In 1959, it changed its name to the International Association of Holiday Inns to reflect the geographic expansion of our membership. Today, it is known as International Association of Holiday Inns Owners’ Association (IAHI).
The creation of that organization has driven Holiday Inn to its tremendous spurt.
Today the IAHI represents the interests of nearly 3,000 owners and operators of InterContinental Hotels Group (IHG) hotel brands, including:

• Crowne Plaza Hotels and Resorts
  
• Holiday Inn Hotels and Resorts
  
• Holiday Inn Express
• Staybridge Suites
• Candlewood Suites

The mission of the IAHI, as it stated on their site, is to operate an association of hotel owners and operators that create a multi-level forum for exchange of information, ideas and best practices between franchisees and IHG company executives. As a result of this process owners and operators will enhance the value of their license agreement and IHG executives will gain insight to better achieve company goals. 
The International Association of Holiday Inns Owners’ Association is focused on 3 main objectives to help promote members’ long-term interests:

• Increasing hotel revenues and market share growth.
  
• Achieving earnings before interests and taxes, operating profit, and return on investment that surpasses the competitive set for each brand.
  
• Creating long-term brand and hotel asset value through excellent brands, quality operations, superior marketing, and team member development.
  

The International Association of Holiday Inns Owners’ Association also effectively represents members’ interests to the broader hotel industry on legislative issues, along with vendors and other resources, helping to achieve the objectives outlined above.
 The organization that shares the experience, promotes franchisees, teaches them is the key factor of Holiday Inn’s success. It makes entrepreneurs feel comfortable within the franchise system. It provides a kind of support to franchisees even if it has to lobby their interests through franchisor. As a result people are willing to invest large amounts of money (Holiday Inn franchisee’s total investment differs from 1 to 10 million dollars) in this business providing it by an extremely quick development.

Writing about the SBA loans for new and expanding small franchises I met the list of public goals. It was said that in order to get a bigger credit your company needed to meet some of these goals. Some of them are easy to meet; the others are difficult not only to meet but also to prove that you can do it. But one of them has attracted my attention – when small franchise business is trying not only to earn money or to help in achievement of personal goals of its owner but helps those who can take care of themselves. I’m speaking about those whom we usually call “disadvantaged individuals”. This article is devoted to them and their ability to participate in business and in life in general by entering franchise system.
 
In general there are two different points of view regarding disadvantaged individuals. The first group of people thinks that it’s better not to attract attention to them at all. They say that this will disgrace them and hurt their pride. The people with the opposite opinion believe that we need to do as much as possible to help them; we need to create the special conditions in every sphere of life and business is not exclusion. As for me I’m somewhere in between these two extremes. And speaking about franchise business I think that there must be created some preferences for such group of people. And these preferences have to be results from the obstacles that disadvantaged individuals face.
 
Below I write about that obstacles and the way to decrease the influence of them on the disadvantaged individuals while starting their franchise business.
 
1. Obstacle: Little knowledge in franchise sphere. This problem is divided into the several sub-problems.
1.1. Availability of information about franchise concept in general. Many of that people have very little or even no business knowledge. As most of them have at least one problem concerning communication (reading, watching, hearing and so on) they get the information from doubtful sources – their friends who are not in business, relatives or neighbors. As I think the society has to create some means of information to provide reliable, trustworthy facts about advantages and disadvantages of franchise business, opportunities and special programs for the disadvantaged individuals. These means of information has to be technologically different to cover as many of such people as possible.
1.2. Sufficient background necessary to understand, to manage and to operate a small business franchise company. This obstacle includes not only general information but also real business skills. I want to mention that disadvantaged people are very vulnerable and they may consider ordinary business problems as their personal failure. I think that the role of the society in this case is to help them to avoid those problems. Maybe we can think about some business incubators or services of special consultants for franchises managed by disadvantaged individuals (financed by the money of franchise associations and small business organizations).
 
2. Obstacle: Ability to compete with non-disadvantaged franchisees. This problem can be characterized as psychological even more that economic or medical. Some of such people consider themselves incapable to start something themselves. But if they see the results shown by those who are in worse conditions they can cheer up. I suppose this to be the main role of the society – to show disadvantaged individuals that from business point of view they are absolutely equal to ordinary people. And even more! The statistics proves that people who have health problems in one sphere usually are extremely talented in the other.
And one more statement: being disadvantaged they can better understand the needs and want of other disadvantaged individuals. As a result their business can meet that needs much better; and it’s the first step to better competitiveness.
 
 
3. Obstacle: It’s too expensive as disadvantaged individuals have more expenses to cover in comparison to ordinary people. I agree that this is an obstacle; but on the other hand franchise business can bring them additional money in the form of profit. I think that government has to support (and I know that in many countries it does) the willingness of such people to start their own business as it will help to achieve the long-term goals too. Also I believe that franchisors must include special paragraphs in their franchise programs for disadvantaged individuals buying the license from them to make it cheaper…
 
4. Obstacle: It’s physically difficult for the disadvantaged individuals to collect and to provide all the necessary documents to start-up the franchise business. I think that authorities must pay attention to this problem too. We create special parking slots for such people, help them in the shops and so on. I think that there wouldn’t be any problem for all sides (I mean banks, franchisors, lawyers, local authorities and other institutions) to introduce some light procedures for such groups of people. It’s not only a noble  but also a good economic decision. Will anybody argue?
 
Certainly there are more other obstacles for disadvantaged individuals to start their franchise business. Here I mentioned only the main as I think…

Another interesting program of the Small Business Administration (SBA) is called the CDC/504 loan program where “CDC” stands for the Certified Development Company. The Certified Development Company is a private nonprofit organization with the main purpose to contribute to the economic development of its community. The organization works with the SBA and privately-owned lending institutions (commercial banks and other financial organizations) to provide financing to small businesses. There are about 270 CDCs in the USA. Each CDC is responsible for a specific geographic area.
 
The main features of the loan are the following:
a) it’s a long-tern loan;
b) the interest rate is fixed during the whole period;
c) there is a limited number of purposes: to acquire real estate,  machinery or equipment for expansion or modernization;
d) in most cases the loan is secured with a senior lien (when provided by privately-owned lender) or with a junior lien (when a loan secured from a CDC and with a full SBA-guaranteed debenture);
e) the borrower has to invest himself not less then 10%.
 
How much a company can get according to this program? It depends on the purposes and job creation factor:
 
1. You will get up to $4,000,000 if you are qualified as a “Small Manufacturer”. A company is considered as small manufacture if its primary business classified in sector 31, 32, or 33 of the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS); and all of its production facilities are located in the United States.
 
2. You will get up to $2,000,000 if your company’s activity meets at least one of the following public policy goals:
a) Business district revitalization (a strange goal as I think; different people will vary in opinion while explaining the sense of “revitalization”; I can even say that every new company revitalize a business in a district… I don’t like that factor, as it’s not clear to my opinion);
b) Expansion of exports (this factor is a wonderful public goal; every student can explain why export is important for the economy of the district and for the whole country; but one doubt appears in my mind – how will new small business company prove that they are going to expand the export; such statements are based on the international marketing research but small business company – especially a new one – has no money, specialists and other resources to get such research even for one product and for one country… But still I like that factor because it’s economically correct);
c) Expansion of minority business development (Government tries to kill two birds with one stone – to help small business and minority… I like this because it can save some budget money!);
d) Rural development (my comments are the same as to the previous factor);
e) Increasing productivity and competitiveness (oh… one more factor that would be very difficult to prove; especially competitiveness; certainly if you buy a new technology and modern equipment it WILL increase the productivity of the company; but the costs will rise and so on… I’m not sure about this factor);
f) Restructuring because of federally mandated standards or policies (it’s clear and I support this);
g) Changes necessitated by federal budget cutbacks (I like this; when new business creates new jobs in the region or solve some urgent economic or social problems it worth of receiving some support from the Government);
h) Expansion of small business concerns owned and controlled by veterans, especially service-disabled veterans (it’s easy to prove and it’s very noble goal; such people need to know that they can do something for the society, not only society for them; they have a special need to be useful; I really support that goal)
i) Expansion of small business concerns owned and controlled by women (as a woman myself I like this goal… but feminists can say that the Government offend women by this goal: why do they say that women need more help than men…)
 
3. You will get up to $1,500,000 if your project meets the job creation criteria or a community development goal. Generally, your business must create or retain one job for every $50,000 provided by the SBA.

Some time ago I promised to write about financing your franchise business. I think that today is a good day to start. My first “finance article” will be dedicated to small companies because:
-I like small business as they produce goods and provide services that big companies don’t even consider;
-for small business it’s much more difficult to find money and also to find the information about where to find it and how to apply; they don’t have a separate department dealing with credits and refinance in their structure. As a result small business owners with less than 10 people stuff very often have no time to look for the most attractive variant of financing.

Here in this article I’m going to speak about credit, finance and refinance opportunities provided by SBA (Small Business Administration). Certainly the first thing to be mentioned is that SBA is not a bank or financial institution. Their goals expand much wider than financial sphere. And in many cases they don’t give credits but provide guarantees for loans made by private and public financial institutions, government organizations and local authorities.

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SBA is a guarantor of loans. As a franchisee you may need it to increase your reputation in franchisor’s or lender’s opinion. If you need it would be right to apply for THE BASIC 7(a) LOAN PROGRAM
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Basic 7(a) Loan Guaranty
According to this program small companies (both new and existing) can get a guaranty from the official government organization to increase their eligibility to get loans. It means that there can be some situations when you apply for a credit but bank or other financial institution doesn’t want to finance your business for some reasons. Why can this happen? Maybe the banker doesn’t believe in your business idea or your professional skills to realize it. Maybe you don’t provide good collateral from bank’s point of view… Anyway they don’t say NEVER but need something extra to change their negative decision.
The procedure is rather simple. Small-business company turns to SBA, and they guaranty the loan given by commercial lending institutions. It’s important to say that even after that guarantee bank or financial institution is not obliged to give you a loan. But most American banks do, and there are some financial institutions that lend money to small business only under SBA guaranty. 

It’s a very flexible program as SBA will guarantee to loan for a wide number of business purposes. As they say you can get financing for:
-working or operational capital (it’s very essential for retail business to purchase the initial range of products);
-machinery, equipment, furniture and fixtures (usually the largest part of start-up capital);
land and building including purchase, renovation and new construction (as I think this one is not so important as you can get a loan through normal lending channels because real estate is a good collateral and most banks and financial institutions agree to finance them);
-leasehold improvements (not very important as it’s a usual practice when franchisor provides this, but it not than you can apply for this too);
-and debt refinancing (under special conditions).

The loan maturity differs for different purposes. For example, the maturity of the loan for working capital is up to 10 years, but generally up to 25 years for money spent to purchase  real estate.
(to be continued)

I hope to finish commenting franchise survey carried out by Franchise Recruiters Ltd. (FRL) today. If you read till the end you’ll know if I manage to do it. Check my previous article to know the beginning.
 
The next idea expressed by top franchise leaders was dedicated to old and branded franchise systems. In order to remain in a good position they have to prove that they are worth of it. Nothing can guarantee them a success in today’s fast-changing world. To hold their loyal customers they need to revamp, rehabilitate and regenerate their business systems. The respondents pay attention to the fact that most of the franchisors are concentrated on their first ideas rather than looking ahead an opening new products and technologies. It’s clear that they will face a rigorous competition.
As it’s mentioned it’s very important to adopt franchise business to demographic trends. Changes in today’s lifestyle and demographics help the development of the following business spheres:
-adult and senior day care,
-health care,
-home care,
-beauty, skin, aging treatments, and spas,
-different forms of entertainment.
 
My comments:
The survey shows the contradiction between main strategies of consumers’ behavior. These strategies are widely used in marketing while speaking about market segmentation. It’s evident that there are different types of people buying the same product. Each group of buyers has different reasons for purchase. The ones are driven by fad, fashion, and mood. They usually want to try something new. The others are very traditional and don’t change their tastes so fast. So if franchisor wants to develop his business he needs either choose the one group or to satisfy both.
The industries mentioned by respondents are rather predictable. There can be a lot of reasons why people become more self-oriented (exactly “self” not family- or community-oriented). Maybe this happens because of decreased role of Christianity and other constructive religions in the society in general. The advertising also influences the modern mentality saying that YOU are worth of this or that. Anyway the picture is very clear. People don’t want to take care of their parents and children themselves. Career plays the biggest role in dreams and aspirations. So the winning strategy is to provide people with more free time and with additional career opportunities (like better education on the one hand and better appearance on the other).
 
All the previous statements were dedicated to franchisors. But what about franchisees? The survey respondents decided not to avoid them. In the answers they pay attention to the fact that today prospective franchisees are “better capitalized, have better management experience, better education, and are increasingly diverse investors”. Also it was noticed that more and more seniors are coming into franchise business. They do not want rely only on government and social security. But most of them are not so aware in their talents to invent good and enough modern business idea themselves. The survey provides the following statistical information about older Americans: “the number of workers age 55 and above rose to nearly 24 million in 2004, up from 22 million in 2003, and from 20.7 million the year before. At the same time, the government is forecasting a significant labor shortage nearing the end of this decade. Franchisors tell us they want and need seniors as a reliable work force for years to come”.
 
In the same survey we found interesting information about so-called third party, not a franchisor and not a franchisee… For example, respondents notice that investors are considering franchise sphere to become rather interesting deal. They even called this a “new golden goose”. Why? Because of very short start-up period in many spheres. Think of it! Franchisor provides with a training program that lasts for 2 weeks. During the same time it’s possible for a franchisee to make all other necessary arrangements and he is ready to start! The only thing that can slow him down is money. So for both of them – investor and prospective franchisee – the goals are coinciding. They can start earning money very soon. TIME! It explains the investors’ interest toward franchise sphere, as I think.
 
Another third party is employees. Both franchisors and franchisees understand that employees contribute the biggest part to the company’s costs (directly and indirectly) and as a result to the company’s profit. When I say direct impact I certainly mean salary and corresponding expenses. As an example of indirect impact I will mention training expenses for every new employee.
At the same time for many businesses employees’ productivity influences the results most of all. That is why survey respondents expressed the opinion that franchisors of the next years will pay a lot of attention to different forms of health care insurance to their chain’s hourly employees. Also they will help to establish relations with banks opening accounts and contacting with financial institutions.
 
My comments:
I like this. When I’ve read this information I was thinking about inventing a high school program (or even senior school) to help franchisors and franchises to provide teenagers with the necessary information and to prepare them to their future jobs in that sphere… It can be based on “learning by doing” ideas and include a lot of practice…
 
And finally the last tendency was related to management. The top US franchise leaders believe that the previous years’ tendency will continue and more managers will be motivated not by strict annual bonus payments but by some reward programs depending on the results. As I understand that tendency is not a franchising innovation but overall trend in business.
 
Ok… I’m done with this survey. Will I get any comments on my comments?..

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